Hier ein paar Infos zu den Geschützen der Vic bei Trafalgar.
Die beiden 68er Karronaden kamen am 17 August 1804 von der Kent. Woher sie ursprünglich 1798 kamen und welchen Weg sie nahmen ist mir aber noch nicht bekannt.
Ein interessanter Eintrag und auch das letzte fehlende Puzzelstück zum Thema "Side entry port" bzw. Admiralitätspforte hat @Morgan in meinem Faden im MSW gegeben.
I agree with your view on the period Victory was without entry ports, the ones fitted in the 1820’s were for when she was fitted for harbour service, and as you say one port to the rear of the as-designed location.
When Victory carried 28 Nr. 24 Pounders the rear most ports were probably left vacant as this was in the Admirals quarters thereby allowing more space, the gunport would have had half-ports and sashes fitted (windows).
I have always been intrigued by the fact that William James states at page 93 of Volume 4 of his ‘The Naval History of Great Britain’ states “Those of the Victory [guns]consisted, in equal divisions upon her first, second, and third decks, of 90 long 32, 24, and 12 pounders, and of 10 long 12-pounders and two 68-pounder carronades on her quaterdeck and forecastle”. It is worth noting that James was a meticulous researcher, and would have spoken extensively with officers from Trafalgar, and probably the Victory to establish his facts. His first foray into naval history was to establish respective armaments and weight of broadsides as between British and American ships to dispel allegations concerning British ships succumbing in battle to inferior American ships and rested his entire tome of work on getting his facts such as this right. Therefore, some weight should be attached to his comments.
Obviously James is at odds with current received wisdom as to the number of guns Victory carried. So, I recently visited The National Archives at Kew and looked at ADM 160/154 Returns of ordnance on H.M. Ships1803-1812, and the entry for 28 April 1803 has Victory as having 30 Nr. 32 Pounders, 28 Nr. 24 Pounders, 32 Nr. Long 12 Pounders and 10 Nr. Short 12 Pounders. Additionally, I also looked at the log books held there, and there are several copies, Hardy, Quilliam, and one other, and they record that at the same time that Victory received her 68 Pounder carronades from the Kent on 17 August 1804 she also received 2 Nr. 24 Pounders. She also gave up in exchange 6 Nr. 12 Pounders! I have seen parts of this entry recorded by Goodwin and Lavery in their works but have never seen the full entry. So that is 30 No. 24 Pounders - all ports occupied.
This leaves an even larger discrepancy with current and historic views. Peter Goodwin draws his data from the Gunners monthly records held at the Royal Navy Museum in Portsmouth, unfortunately their archives are currently being re-housed in a new facility and won’t be available until the spring of next year, so at present I can only account for 96 guns leading up to Trafalgar, any other exchanges were not mentioned in the ships logs. I’ll go look next year when the records are available, you can actually track individual guns from their makers marks.
Interestingly, the Returns of ordnance on H.M. Ships also records that when Victory was downrated in 1807 to a second rate she received 30 Nr. 18 Pounders per side (taken on board on 5 March 1808) , so consistent with the number of ports available at 15 per side. I think we can dismiss the chase or bridle ports as being armed as this would have been unusual.
Gary
Zusammengefasst: Die nach 1820 geschnittenen neuen [und weiter hinten liegenden] Seitenpforten waren für den Hafendienst.
In den meisten Jahren mit geschlossener Seitenpforte war die hinterste Pforte des mittleren Batteriedecks nicht belegt, dort war das Admiralsquartier und der Platz dort wohl willkommen. Diese hinterste Pforte hatte in dieser Zeit höchst wahrscheinlich Halbdeckel und Fenster.
William James - ein normalerweise gut recherchierender Autor - hält auf Seite 93 des vierten Bands der ‘The Naval History of Great Britain’ fest, dass Victory je 30 Stück 32, 24 und 12-Pfünder auf den 3 Hauptdecks hatte, dazu 10 lange 12-Pfünder und 2 68-Pfünder auf Quarterdeck und Back.
Darauf hin hat Morgan tiefer recherchiert: Laut den The National Archives in Kew hatte die Victory offiziell laut Dokument ADM 160/154 Returns of ordnance on H.M. Ships1803-1812, am Eintrag des 28 April 1803: 30 x. 32 Pounders, 28 x 24 Pounders, 32 x Long 12 Pounders. Zusätzlich 10x Short 12 Pounders.
In den dort auch vorliegenden Logbüchern dort fand er folgende Ergänzungen von Hardy und Quilliam: Die 68-Carronaden kamen am 17 August 1804 von der Kent. Gleichzeitig erhielt sie von der Kent zwei 24 Pfünder!. Somit waren alle Pforten des mittleren Decks belegt und meine letzte offene Frage nach der geschlossenen Pforte beantwortet.
Als Ausgleich gab sie 6 12-Pfünder ab. Damit ergibt sich doch doch eine größere Diskrepanz mit der offiziellen Anzahl der Bestückung der 12-Pfünder bei Trafalgar. Weitergehende Dokumente werden erst demnächst wieder zugänglich sein, wenn das Royal Navy Museum in Portsmouth seine Umstrukturierung beendet hat.
Kleiner Hinweis für die Zeit nach Trafalgar: Im März 1808 wurden im Zuge der Rückstufung auf Second Rate die 30 x 24-Pfünder durch 30 x 18 Pfünder ersetzt. So blieben die 15 Geschütze pro Seite im Mitteldeck erhalten.